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LamaH-ICE

Overview

LamaH-ICE is the Iceland large-sample hydrological dataset. Large-sample hydrological dataset for Iceland, featuring volcanic and glacial-influenced catchments with unique characteristics.

Dataset Information

  • Region: Iceland
  • Project: LamaH (Large-sample hydrological data and models)
  • Module: hydrodataset.lamah_ice
  • Class: LamahIce

About LamaH

LamaH (Large-sample hydrological data and models) provides comprehensive hydrological data for research and modeling:

Key Features

  • High-quality, quality-controlled data
  • Extensive catchment attributes
  • Multiple temporal resolutions
  • Detailed metadata
  • Suitable for large-sample hydrology studies

Research Applications

  • Hydrological model development and testing
  • Climate change impact studies
  • Regionalization studies
  • Machine learning applications
  • Comparative hydrology

Features

Static Attributes

Comprehensive static catchment attributes: - Basin geometry and area - Topographic characteristics (elevation, slope) - Land cover information - Soil properties and classes - Geological characteristics - Climate indices - Human influence indicators

Dynamic Variables

Timeseries variables available: - Streamflow (observed) - Precipitation - Temperature (min, max, mean) - Potential evapotranspiration - Snow water equivalent - Solar radiation - Humidity - And more...

Usage

Basic Usage

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from hydrodataset.lamah_ice import LamahIce
from hydrodataset import SETTING

# Initialize dataset
data_path = SETTING["local_data_path"]["datasets-origin"]
ds = LamahIce(data_path)

# Get basin IDs
basin_ids = ds.read_object_ids()
print(f"Number of basins: {len(basin_ids)}")

# Check available features
print("Static features:", ds.available_static_features)
print("Dynamic features:", ds.available_dynamic_features)

# Check default time range
print(f"Default time range: {ds.default_t_range}")

# Read timeseries data
timeseries = ds.read_ts_xrdataset(
    gage_id_lst=basin_ids[:5],
    t_range=ds.default_t_range,
    var_lst=["streamflow", "precipitation"]
)
print(timeseries)

# Read attribute data
attributes = ds.read_attr_xrdataset(
    gage_id_lst=basin_ids[:5],
    var_lst=["area", "p_mean"]
)
print(attributes)

Advanced Analysis

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# Read multiple variables for detailed analysis
ts_data = ds.read_ts_xrdataset(
    gage_id_lst=basin_ids[:10],
    t_range=["1990-01-01", "2020-12-31"],
    var_lst=[
        "streamflow",
        "precipitation", 
        "temperature_mean",
        "temperature_min",
        "temperature_max",
        "pet",
        "snow_water_equivalent"
    ]
)

# Analyze snow-influenced catchments
import xarray as xr
winter_months = ts_data.sel(time=ts_data.time.dt.month.isin([12, 1, 2]))
mean_swe = winter_months["snow_water_equivalent"].mean(dim="time")
print("Mean winter SWE:", mean_swe)

Reading Specific Variables

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# Read with specific time range
ts_data = ds.read_ts_xrdataset(
    gage_id_lst=basin_ids[:10],
    t_range=["2000-01-01", "2010-12-31"],
    var_lst=["streamflow", "precipitation", "temperature_mean"]
)

# Read basin area
areas = ds.read_area(gage_id_lst=basin_ids[:10])

# Read mean precipitation
mean_precip = ds.read_mean_prcp(gage_id_lst=basin_ids[:10])

Data Quality and Completeness

LamaH datasets feature: - Rigorous quality control procedures - Documentation of data gaps - Metadata completeness - Peer-reviewed methodology - Regular updates

Regional Characteristics

LamaH-CE

  • Alpine and pre-Alpine catchments
  • Snow-influenced hydrology
  • Elevation range from lowlands to high mountains
  • Mixed land use patterns

LamaH-ICE

  • Volcanic landscapes
  • Glacial-influenced catchments
  • Geothermal activity impact
  • Unique geological conditions

API Reference

hydrodataset.lamah_ice.LamahIce

Bases: HydroDataset

LamaHICE dataset class extending HydroDataset.

This class uses a custom data reading implementation to support a newer dataset version than the one supported by the underlying aquafetch library. It overrides the download URLs and provides updated methods.

Attributes:

Name Type Description
region

Geographic region identifier
download

Whether to download data automatically
Source code in hydrodataset/lamah_ice.py 
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class LamahIce(HydroDataset):
    """LamaHICE dataset class extending HydroDataset.

    This class uses a custom data reading implementation to support a newer
    dataset version than the one supported by the underlying aquafetch library.
    It overrides the download URLs and provides updated methods.

    Attributes:
        region: Geographic region identifier
        download: Whether to download data automatically
    """

    def __init__(
        self, data_path: str, region: Optional[str] = None, download: bool = False
    ) -> None:
        """Initialize LamaHICE dataset.

        Args:
            data_path: Path to the LamaHICE data directory
            region: Geographic region identifier (optional)
            download: Whether to download data automatically (default: False)
        """
        super().__init__(data_path)
        self.region = region
        self.download = download

        # Use the custom LamaHIce class defined at module level
        self.aqua_fetch = LamaHIce(data_path)

    @property
    def _attributes_cache_filename(self):
        return "lamahice_attributes.nc"

    @property
    def _timeseries_cache_filename(self):
        return "lamahice_timeseries.nc"

    @property
    def default_t_range(self):
        return ["1950-01-01", "2021-12-31"]

    # Define standardized static variable mappings
    # Based on aqua_fetch LamaHIce static_map
    # information of features get from pdf  https://www.hydroshare.org/resource/705d69c0f77c48538d83cf383f8c63d6/
    _subclass_static_definitions = {
        "p_mean": {"specific_name": "p_mean_basin", "unit": "mm"},
        "area": {"specific_name": "area_km2", "unit": "km^2"},
    }

    # Define standardized dynamic variable mappings
    # Based on aqua_fetch LamaHIce dyn_map
    _dynamic_variable_mapping = {
        StandardVariable.STREAMFLOW: {
            "default_source": "lamah_ice",
            "sources": {"lamah_ice": {"specific_name": "q_cms_obs", "unit": "m^3/s"}},
            "sources": {"carra": {"specific_name": "runoff_carra", "unit": "mm"}},
        },
        StandardVariable.PRECIPITATION: {
            "default_source": "lamah_ice",
            "sources": {"lamah_ice": {"specific_name": "pcp_mm", "unit": "mm"}},
            "sources": {"carra": {"specific_name": "prec_carra", "unit": "mm"}},
            "sources": {"rav": {"specific_name": "prec_rav", "unit": "mm"}},
        },
        StandardVariable.TEMPERATURE_MIN: {
            "default_source": "lamah_ice",
            "sources": {
                "lamah_ice": {"specific_name": "airtemp_c_2m_min", "unit": "°C"}
            },
            "sources": {"dp": {"specific_name": "2m_dp_temp_min", "unit": "°C"}},
            "sources": {"carra": {"specific_name": "2m_temp_min_carra", "unit": "°C"}},
        },
        StandardVariable.TEMPERATURE_MAX: {
            "default_source": "lamah_ice",
            "sources": {
                "lamah_ice": {"specific_name": "airtemp_c_2m_max", "unit": "°C"}
            },
            "sources": {"dp": {"specific_name": "2m_dp_temp_max", "unit": "°C"}},
            "sources": {"carra": {"specific_name": "2m_temp_max_carra", "unit": "°C"}},
        },
        StandardVariable.TEMPERATURE_MEAN: {
            "default_source": "lamah_ice",
            "sources": {
                "lamah_ice": {"specific_name": "airtemp_c_mean_2m", "unit": "°C"}
            },
            "sources": {"dp": {"specific_name": "2m_dp_temp_mean", "unit": "°C"}},
            "sources": {"rav": {"specific_name": "2m_temp_rav", "unit": "°C"}},
            "sources": {"carra": {"specific_name": "2m_temp_carra", "unit": "°C"}},
        },
        StandardVariable.POTENTIAL_EVAPOTRANSPIRATION: {
            "default_source": "lamah_ice",
            "sources": {"lamah_ice": {"specific_name": "pet_mm", "unit": "mm/day"}},
        },
        StandardVariable.EVAPOTRANSPIRATION: {
            "default_source": "rav",
            "sources": {"ref": {"specific_name": "ref_et_mm", "unit": "mm/day"}},
            "sources": {"rav": {"specific_name": "total_et_rav", "unit": "mm/day"}},
            "sources": {"carra": {"specific_name": "total_et_carra", "unit": "mm/day"}},
        },
        StandardVariable.U_WIND_SPEED: {
            "default_source": "lamah_ice",
            "sources": {"lamah_ice": {"specific_name": "10m_wind_u", "unit": "m/s"}},
            "sources": {"rav": {"specific_name": "10m_wind_u_rav", "unit": "m/s"}},
        },
        StandardVariable.V_WIND_SPEED: {
            "default_source": "lamah_ice",
            "sources": {"lamah_ice": {"specific_name": "10m_wind_v", "unit": "m/s"}},
            "sources": {"rav": {"specific_name": "10m_wind_v_rav", "unit": "m/s"}},
        },
        StandardVariable.WIND_SPEED: {
            "default_source": "carra",
            "sources": {
                "carra": {"specific_name": "10m_wind_speed_carra", "unit": "m/s"}
            },
        },
        StandardVariable.WIND_DIR: {
            "default_source": "carra",
            "sources": {
                "carra": {"specific_name": "10m_wind_dir_carra", "unit": "degree"}
            },
        },
        StandardVariable.SNOW_WATER_EQUIVALENT: {
            "default_source": "lamah_ice",
            "sources": {"lamah_ice": {"specific_name": "swe", "unit": "mm"}},
            "sources": {"carra": {"specific_name": "swe_carra", "unit": "mm"}},
        },
        StandardVariable.SOLAR_RADIATION: {
            "default_source": "lamah_ice",
            "sources": {
                "lamah_ice": {
                    "specific_name": "surf_net_solar_rad_mean",
                    "unit": "W/m^2",
                }
            },
            "sources": {
                "rav": {"specific_name": "surf_dwn_solar_rad_rav", "unit": "W/m^2"}
            },
            "sources": {
                "carra": {"specific_name": "surf_net_solar_rad_carra", "unit": "W/m^2"}
            },
            "sources": {
                "dwn_carra": {
                    "specific_name": "surf_dwn_solar_rad_carra",
                    "unit": "W/m^2",
                }
            },
        },
        StandardVariable.SOLAR_RADIATION_MAX: {
            "default_source": "lamah_ice",
            "sources": {
                "lamah_ice": {
                    "specific_name": "surf_net_solar_rad_max",
                    "unit": "W/m^2",
                }
            },
        },
        StandardVariable.THERMAL_RADIATION: {
            "default_source": "lamah_ice",
            "sources": {
                "lamah_ice": {
                    "specific_name": "surf_net_therm_rad_mean",
                    "unit": "W/m^2",
                }
            },
            "sources": {
                "outg": {"specific_name": "surf_outg_therm_rad_rav", "unit": "W/m^2"}
            },
            "sources": {
                "dwn": {"specific_name": "surf_dwn_therm_rad_rav", "unit": "W/m^2"}
            },
            "sources": {
                "carra": {"specific_name": "surf_net_therm_rad_carra", "unit": "W/m^2"}
            },
            "sources": {
                "dwn_carra": {
                    "specific_name": "surf_dwn_therm_rad_carra",
                    "unit": "W/m^2",
                }
            },
        },
        StandardVariable.THERMAL_RADIATION_MAX: {
            "default_source": "lamah_ice",
            "sources": {
                "lamah_ice": {
                    "specific_name": "surf_net_therm_rad_max",
                    "unit": "W/m^2",
                }
            },
        },
        StandardVariable.SURFACE_PRESSURE: {
            "default_source": "lamah_ice",
            "sources": {"lamah_ice": {"specific_name": "surf_press", "unit": "Pa"}},
            "sources": {"rav": {"specific_name": "surf_press_rav", "unit": "Pa"}},
        },
        StandardVariable.POTENTIAL_EVAPOTRANSPIRATION: {
            "default_source": "lamah_ice",
            "sources": {"lamah_ice": {"specific_name": "pet_mm", "unit": "mm"}},
            "sources": {
                "caravan": {
                    "specific_name": "potential_evaporation_sum_fao_penman_monteith_from_caravan",
                    "unit": "mm/day",
                }
            },
        },
        StandardVariable.VOLUMETRIC_SOIL_WATER_LAYER1: {
            "default_source": "rav",
            "sources": {"rav": {"specific_name": "volsw_123", "unit": "mm"}},
        },
        StandardVariable.VOLUMETRIC_SOIL_WATER_LAYER4: {
            "default_source": "rav",
            "sources": {"rav": {"specific_name": "volsw_4", "unit": "mm"}},
        },
        StandardVariable.RELATIVE_HUMIDITY: {
            "default_source": "rav",
            "sources": {"rav": {"specific_name": "2m_qv_rav", "unit": "m/s"}},
            "sources": {"carra": {"specific_name": "2m_rel_hum_carra", "unit": "m/s"}},
        },
        StandardVariable.SPECIFIC_HUMIDITY: {
            "default_source": "carra",
            "sources": {"carra": {"specific_name": "2m_spec_hum_carra", "unit": "m/s"}},
        },
        StandardVariable.GROUND_HEAT_FLUX: {
            "default_source": "rav",
            "sources": {"rav": {"specific_name": "grdflx_rav", "unit": "W/m^2"}},
            "sources": {
                "sens": {
                    "specific_name": "surf_dwn_sens_heat_flux_carra",
                    "unit": "W/m^2",
                }
            },
            "sources": {
                "lat": {
                    "specific_name": "surf_dwn_lat_heat_flux_carra",
                    "unit": "W/m^2",
                }
            },
        },
        StandardVariable.SNOW_SUBLIMATION: {
            "default_source": "carra",
            "sources": {
                "carra": {"specific_name": "snow_sublimation_carra", "unit": "mm"}
            },
        },
        StandardVariable.SOIL_MOISTURE: {
            "default_source": "carra",
            "sources": {"carra": {"specific_name": "percolation_carra", "unit": "mm"}},
        },
    }

default_t_range property

__init__(data_path, region=None, download=False)

Initialize LamaHICE dataset.

Parameters:

Name Type Description Default
data_path str

Path to the LamaHICE data directory

 required
region Optional[str]

Geographic region identifier (optional)

 None
download bool

Whether to download data automatically (default: False)

 False
Source code in hydrodataset/lamah_ice.py 
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def __init__(
    self, data_path: str, region: Optional[str] = None, download: bool = False
) -> None:
    """Initialize LamaHICE dataset.

    Args:
        data_path: Path to the LamaHICE data directory
        region: Geographic region identifier (optional)
        download: Whether to download data automatically (default: False)
    """
    super().__init__(data_path)
    self.region = region
    self.download = download

    # Use the custom LamaHIce class defined at module level
    self.aqua_fetch = LamaHIce(data_path)